The Kingdom of Swaziland (Umbuso weSwatini) is a landlocked country in Southern Africa, bordered to the north, south, and west by South Africa, and to the east by Mozambique. The nation, as well as its people, are named after the 19th century king Mswati II.

The area that Swaziland covers has been continuously inhabited since prehistory. Today, the population is primarily Bantu-speaking ethnic Swazis. The Swazi people descend from the southern Bantu who migrated from Central Africa in the 15th and 16th centuries together with the Xhosas and the Zulus, which belong to the Nguni subgroup. The Swazi ancestors, the Nkosi Dlamini, broke away from the mainstream of Nguni migrants led by Chief Ngwane, and settled in the region of the Pongolo river absorbing the Nguni and Sotho clans in the area.

By 1750 they had settled in the Hluti region in the south of the Kingdom, under King Ngwane 111 of the Nkosi Dlamini clan. A British protectorate following the end of the Second Boer War, it gained independence in 1968. Swaziland is a member of the Southern African Development Community, the African Union, and the Commonwealth of Nations.

Swaziland's economy is dominated by services industry, agriculture and subsistence farming.